N. v. Sweden, dec., No. 10410/83, ECommHR (Plenary), 11 October 1984

Conscientious objection to military service in Sweden. Disparity of treatment between conscientious objections on religious grounds and on philosophical grounds.  

Art. 4 ECHR
Art. 9 ECHR
Art. 14 ECHR 

Granting a full exemption from both the military service and the alternative civilian service to members of some religious communities (Jehovah's Witnesses) and not to members of other congregations (pacifists) does not constitute a violation of Art. 9 ECHR read in conjunction with Art. 14 ECHR.

This case was overruled by Bayatyan v. Armenia (2011) and the subsequent case-law.